Neon

iso	NA	half-life	DT	DE (MeV)	DP
²⁰Ne	90.48%	²⁰Ne is stable with 10 neutrons.
²¹Ne	0.27%	²¹Ne is stable with 11 neutrons.
²²Ne	9.25%	²²Ne> is stable with 12 neutrons.

All properties are for STP unless otherwise stated.

Neon is an element, which has the atomic number of 10 and the symbol Ne. It is an colorless and odorless noble gas that is typically known for its use in advertisement signs.[1]

Properties

Neon has an atomic number of "10". Neon is one of the elements located within the Noble Gas group, and therefore is colorless and odorless as well as lighter than air. Neon gas occurs in small quantities in the Earth's atmosphere and can also be found captured within the rocks of the Earth's crust. Though neon is about 3 1/2 times as common as helium, dry air contains only 0.0018 percent neon. This element is more abundant in the cosmos than on Earth.

[2] Neon is non-toxic, toxicity being the measure of how poisonous or dangerous an element or compound is, and non-toxic meaning harmless. This is due to neon being an inert element that has no chemical impact on the environment around it and forms no compound. Also it has very low reactivity. It has over 40 times more refrigerating capacity per unit volume than liquid Helium. It has a boiling point of -246.1 C (-415.48 F), a melting point of -248.6 C (-410.98 F), and a density of 0.901g/cm3 at 293k.

Occurrences

Colliding galaxies with neon, magnesium, and silicon.

Neon can be found in trace amounts within the atmosphere, but it is invisible and tasteless. Natural neon is a mixture of three isotopes. Neon is very rare, and the ratio of it on earth is 1:65,000. Its structure is fcc(face-centered cubic). It is industrially produced by cryogenic fractional distillation of liquefied air. [3] Neon is a very inert element. Neon has been said to form a compound with fluorine, however it is still in question whether or not true compounds of neon and fluorine do indeed exist. Evidence is currently mounting in favor of such a compound. The ions, Ne+, (NeAr)+, (NeH)+, and (HeNe+) are known from optical and mass spectrometric studies. This cool picture shows galactic clouds with neon, magnesium, and silicon. Nasa's Chandra X-ray has discovered the clouds containing rich deposits of neon, magnesium, and silicon in a galaxy known as The Antennae.

Uses

Neon discharge tube shaped like the symbol for Neon.

Because neon has very low reactivity it has many uses. "Neon" in common word usage usually refers to the advertising sign, because it is widely used for the bright advertising signs of many restaurant and car modification shops. Even though there are many types of chemicals that are used for this type of lighting, similar chemical tubes are typically still refer to as Neon lights. Liquid neon is now commercially available and has an important application as an economical cryogenic refrigerant. Neon may also be a useful tool in finding cosmic exposure ages for surface rocks. As shown in this picture, neon is widely and famous uses for light especially restaurant or stores. And the picture on the Gallery section, the Sun, Chandra spectra were used to measure the abundances of neon in nearby stars, and have uniformly shown relatively high abundances of neon. It shows that how the neon light is cool and useful in ourlives.

History

"Neon" comes from the Greek neos, meaning "new". Sir William Ramsey and Morris W. Travers discovered the element "Neon" in London in 1898. The discovery of neon was made shortly after their discovery of the element krypton, and both were discovered through their work on liquid air.

Isotopes

Noble gas atoms are characterized by electron configurations featuring full s and p orbitals in the highest principal energy level (1s², 2s², 2p⁶). It has 2 electrons for first shell and 8 electrons for second/last shell.

Neon has three stable isotopes: 20, 21, and 22. ²⁰Ne has atomic mass of 19.992 and natural abundance of 90.51%. And it is stable for half life. The ²⁰Ne-enriched components were attributed to exotic primordial rare gas components in the Earth, possibly representing solar neon. Elevated ²⁰Ne abundances were also found in diamonds.

²¹Ne has atomic mass of 20.993 and natural abundance of 0.27%. And it is stable for half life.

²²Ne has atomic mass of 11.991 and natural abundance of 9.22%. And it is stable for half life.

[4]