Battery

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Black & White battery macro

A battery consists of at least two electrochemical cells that are arranged so that the resulting chemical reaction produces usable electrical energy. There are many different types of batteries in common use today, but in one form or another they are a central component in almost all portable electronic devices.

Uses

This is the description of how Toyota Prius's battery operates

Batteries are used for nearly all portable electrical devices, being a convenient and reliable source of electricity. Small battery cells are used to power wristwatches, both digital and analog, as well as hearing aids and LCD devices. The common AA and AAA sizes are used for a wide range of hand held devices, such as radios, voice recorders, and remote controls. Larger batteries are used in cars to spark the gasoline to power the internal combustion engine. Some cars have been designed to rely solely on electrical energy to work, and in this instance the batteries are the exclusive source of energy.

Types of Batteries

Batteries can be categorized by size and composition. Depending on the chemicals used, the battery will be ready for use upon assembly and then unusable upon exhausting its charge (primary), or will have to be charged and then be rechargeable (secondary).

There are four main batteries that are used for industry: Rechargeable Batteries, The Car Battery, Lead-Acid Batteries, and Alkaline Dry Cell Batteries. Rechargeable batteries and Alkaline Dry Cell Batteries are the most used batteries among all types of batteries. Especially, AA type batteries are most common batteries that people use. They are invented after the telephone was invented in the 1870s because telephone needed something to operate. Car batteries are also one of the items that are using the most nowadays. They actually was not that used much during the first period of 1900, and in 1930s, it almost disappeared because they didn't essentially needed it. But after cars were developed, most of cars, specially, for the gasoline cars, they must have batteries to operate the cars such as to start and ignite the car. Some of recent cars' batteries can be charged when they are not using; during the engine is operating. [1]

Properties

These two are the Voltaic piles. You can make your own.

Batteries are related with electrochemical reactions, which produces the electron. Battery has two terminals which are the edges of the battery. One of these is positive and the other one is negative. When operating batteries, the electrons run through negative to positive because negative terminal collects the electrons by the chemical reaction. Since batteries produce electrons only when they are used, batteries will not run out even if number of years passes.

[2]

How a Battery Works

Many things are required to work a battery: Container, cathode, separator, anode, electrons, electrolyte, and collector. First of all, all batteries have their containers. Containers must be a steel because they should react with electrons and to form the cathode. Cathode is the mixture of manganese dioxide and carbon, by the electrochemical reaction, the electrodes are reduced. Separator consists of fibrous fabric which separates the electrodes. Anodes, which can be oxidized, the state of anodes are powder. Electrochemical reaction occurs in electrode. Electrolyte is a potassium hydroxide solution, which carries out the ionic current of battery. The last part, collector is placed in the middle of the inside the battery with the brass pin. It conducts electricity. When making battery, it starts with the empty steel container, and cathode which is the manganese dioxide powders and the conductors make the positive electrical charge, and it is covered the inside wall of the container. Separator is a thin layer. This paper covers the rest of whole space, that touches the both sides of cathode. Anode carries the negative charge, and it's spread over the separator layer. Finally, to form the negative current collector, the brass pin is inserted over the anode and middle of container. The chemical reaction will be started when battery is inserted in any devices. Battery operates all by the chemical reaction. The powdered zinc of anode is oxidized by the electrolyte, and the cathode with mixture of manganese dioxide and carbon reacts with the anode to produce electricity. When all applied, the electric current will be conducted, and electric devices will start working.

History

This is the Statue of Alessandro Volta

The founder of Battery is known as Alessandro Volta who is an Italian physicist, this is why the volt(V) is named that way. [3] He found it in 1800. Voltaic pile is also what he made, which is the collection of silver , zinc, and blotting paper soaked in salt water and different materials between top and bottom. The pile can be constructed infinitely. You can make this by yourself quite simply, or you can either buy it with $10 to $20. The Daniell cell(also known as Crowfoot cell, Gravity cell, and Wet cell) was used for telegraphs and doorbells before 1870, which is electrical generators had been invented. [4]

[5]

References

• Battery History Mary Bellis. About.
• How Batteries Work Marshall Brain and Charles W. Bryant. Howstuffworks.
• Battery (electricity) Wikipedia
• Re: who invented the battery? Dan Berger. MadSci.
• History of the battery Wikipedia
• Part One - Battery Basics Everyone Should Know Isidor Buchmann. Technick.
• Fascinating facts about the invention of the Electric Battery by Alessandro Volta in 1800. The Great Idea Finder. ideafinder.
• Toyota Prius Wikipedia
• Battery History Corrosion-doctors
• The Battery: Using Chemistry to Make EnergyIeee-virtual-museum
• Energizer Learning Center Energizer

Browse

See Also

• Battery
• Technology
• Electrons
• Manganese
• Carbon
• Redox
• Electricity
• Space
• Volt
• Silver
• Zinc
• Electrochemistry
• Chemistry

Gallery

Car batteries are one of the most used things nowadays. They actually was not that must used during the first period of 1900, and in 1930s, it's almost disappeared because they didn't essencially needed it. But after cars were developed, most of cars, specially, for the gasoline cars, they must have batteries to operate the cars such as to start and ignite the car. Some of recent cars' batteries can be charged when they are not using; during the engine is operating.	Rechargeable batteries and Alkaline Dry Cell Batteries are the most used batteries among all types of batteries. Especially, AA type batteries are most common batteries that people use. They are invented after the telephone is invented in the 1870s because telephone needed something to operate.	There are various kinds of battery. Especially, AA batteries are most commonly used in the industry.	There is battery even for USB.
These small betteries are usually used for watches.	Row of batteries