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ATP synthase

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The world's smallest motor, ATP synthase, generates ATP in cells.
The world's smallest motor, ATP synthase, generates ATP in cells.


Animated cartoon of ATP synthase in action: The 3 shades of red represent the 3 different conformational states of the catalytic subunits. The central asymmetric black object represents the gamma subunit which is caused to rotate by the mitochondrial proton efflux. This rotation drives the conformational transitions of the catalytic subunits which, in turn, alters the nucleotide binding site affinities. As a consequence, conformational energy flows from the catalytic subunit into the bound ADP and Pi to promote their dehydration into ATP.[1]
Animated cartoon of ATP synthase in action: The 3 shades of red represent the 3 different conformational states of the catalytic subunits. The central asymmetric black object represents the gamma subunit which is caused to rotate by the mitochondrial proton efflux. This rotation drives the conformational transitions of the catalytic subunits which, in turn, alters the nucleotide binding site affinities. As a consequence, conformational energy flows from the catalytic subunit into the bound ADP and Pi to promote their dehydration into ATP.[1]







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