Cyclohexane
| Cyclohexane | |
|---|---|
 
| |
| General | |
| Systematic name | 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6- dodecadeuteriocyclohexane |
| Other names | hexamethylene hexanaphthene hexahydrobenzene |
| Molecular formula | C6H12 |
| SMILES | C1CCCCC1 |
| Molar mass | Molar mass::84.160 g/mol |
| Appearance | clear, colorless liquid |
| CAS number | CAS number::100-82-7 |
| Properties | |
| Density and phase | Density::0.779 g/ml, liquid |
| Solubility in water | 250g/100 ml |
| Melting point | Melting point::6.47°C |
| Boiling point | Boiling point::80.7°C |
| Viscosity | 1.02 cP at 17°C |
| Structure | |
| Molecular shape | hexagon |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | Material safety data sheet |
| Main hazards | Extremely flammable liquid Potential Health Effects |
| NFPA 704 |
3
1
0
|
| R/S statement | R: R11, R19, R21/22 S: S16, S23, S24, S25, S33 |
| Flash point | 20°C |
| RTECS number | GU6300000 |
| Related compounds | |
| Related cycloalkanes | Cyclopentane, Cycloheptane |
| Related compounds | Cyclohexene, Benzene |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Disclaimer and references | |
Cyclohexane is an organic compound and more specifically a cycloalkane (cyclic hydrocarbon). It is a clear flammable liquid with the molecular formula is C6 H12, which takes on a three-dimensional structure that is named the chair conformation.[1]
Properties
Cyclohexane is a compound composed of carbon and hydrogen. It is a clear and volatile liquid type of organic compound. Its odor is a faint ether-like. Its molecular formula is C6H12 and has a molecular weight of 84.18. Its boiling point is 80.7C and melting point is 6.47C. Its vapor density is 2.90, vapor pressure is 97.6 mm Hg at 25 oC ,and flash point is -18 C. Cyclohexane's molecular shape is hexagon. [2]
The carbon atom in cyclohexane are in a hexagonal shape, having carbon to carbon bonds on both sides and two hydrogen bonds in each of the carbon. The electronegativity of carbon and the hydrogen are about equal therefore making it a nonpolar covalent bonded molecule. Cyclohexane is insoluble in water because of its structure and its bond, making it hydrophobic. It can be broken down by alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, and ligroin. [3]
Occurrences
If Cyclohexane encounters in condition like contribution to instability, it makes ignition sources. Cyclohexane also can be exploding if it is mixed with liquid nitrogen dioxide. And Cyclohexane can't be combining between cyclohexane and oxidizing agents like peroxides, chlorates, etc. It should be avoided. Cyclohexane's hazardous decomposition products are toxic gas and vapor like carbon dioxide. Cyclohexane's special precautions are none reported.
Cyclohexane has a flammable character. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) arranges serious fire hazard (3) to cyclohexane. Cyclohexane's flash point is -20 degrees C and autoignition temperature is 245 degrees C. [4]
Uses
Cyclohexane often is used by the industrial industry. For example, almost 90% of cyclohexane is used in making nylon fiber and nylon molding resin and the rest of it is used in solvents for paint, resins, and plasticizers. Also cyclohexane is used as an organic solvent. Cyclohexane is a component of petroleum.[5]
To produce commercially, cyclohexane has to convert into cyclohexanone-cyclohexanol mixture. It can be used for calibration of differential scanning calorimetry instruments and surface combustion. (heat treating equipment)[6]
Chemical conformation
Cyclohexane takes something on a three-dimensional structure that named the chair conformation that is a term for the most stable chemical conformation. The reason is that the conformations of 2D hexagon’s bonds are not 109.5 degrees. Chair Confirmation was proposed by Hermann Sachse in early 1890 although it only small part than nowadays.[7]
The new conformation appeared that carbons were at an angle of 109.5°. The new conformation make cyclohexane’s structure comfortable. Cyclohexane also has another conformation named boat conformation which can be assumed by similar compounds;That picture is a cyclohexane molecule in chair conformation. equatorial position are in blue and axial positions are shown in red. [8]
References
- Cyclohexane (Molecule of the Month for October 2000) by Karl Harrison Editor of 3Dchem.com
- CYCLOHEXANE From the Polution Information Site, Scocard
- Cyclohexane Conformational Analysis From The Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin
- CYCLOHEXANE by the Prepared by: Environmental Health & Safety, MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheet)
- OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH GUIDELINE FOR CYCLOHEXANEfrom The occupational Safety & Health Administration, United States Department of Labors
- Cyclohexane From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| ||||||||||||||
