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Fertilization

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A sperm attempts to penetrate the ovum coat to fertilize it.
A sperm attempts to penetrate the ovum coat to fertilize it.

Sexual reproduction is the process by which the gametes (sperm, egg, pollen), produced by the parents, unite to form a new offspring. Gametes are produced during a unique form of cell division called meiosis and are known as haploid cells meaning they possess only half of the DNA of normal (somatic) cells. During meiosis, genetic recombination takes place, and as a result, each gamete is genetically unique from all others. After fertilization, the resulting fertilized egg becomes a diploid cell in possession of DNA from both parents.

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Internal fertilization

External fertilization

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