Northern red oak

Northern red oak

Scientific Classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Fagales Family: Fagaceae Genus: Quercus Species: Q. rubra
Bionomial name
Quercus rubra

Northern red oak is a species of Oak tree known by the scientific name Quercus rubra. It is the state tree of New Jersey and also commonly known as Spanish oak and Champion oak.

It grows to 35m ~ 43m tall and the trunks' diameter is about 1m, and it can be 2m. The leaves are also big, which is 12-25 cm, with 7-11 lobes. Their fruits are acorns, which are 2cm wide. Even though they are bitter tastes, they are eaten birds, squirrels and deer. [1] In Ashford, Connecticut, there's the tallest and biggest Northern Red Oak, which size of trunk is 8 meters (26 feet), It used to be placed on Giant Oak Lane off U.S. Highway 44, but it is dead now because of the tree's age. [2]

characteristic of cultivation

Description

Afforestation

Northern Red Oak's stump sprouts well, so it is really rare to plant a sapling. If the bud of Northern Red Oak buds out in seed, though it becomes over 50years old, it will be fine, but if a tiller which was grown in stump grows old, it is easy to be spoiled. The way to prevent is when you cut down the tree, cut the stump sleekly and low.[3]

Cutting of grass

you are supposed to cut the grass during June and August, and 3 years. If you want to breed Northern Red Oak which became a tiller, it will grow only one place densely, so you should weed out it, when it is third year.[4]

Weeding out the miscellaneous wood

After 5-6years, done of cut down grass, miscellaneous wood will be luxuriant. Among Northern Red Oaks, it is possible that there'll appear wood which has bad character, so you should weed out a miscellaneous wood for growing to be a good quality wood.[5]

Pruning

If the place is dense, it shouldn't be pruned, because the branches will be be shriveled up, but if the branch is lopsided or since the oak's not dense the branch doesn't separate, you are supposed to prune. the height of pruning is about 6-10cm of trunk's diameter, and you must put close to the trunk, when you use a saw. [6]

Thinning

When the Northern Red Oak is 15~20years old, its height of a chest's diameter will be around 10cm, after thinning out, the wood will be left such as a pyogo wood, a pit wood, or wood pulp. [7]

harvest

When it is 30years, it produces the wood about 120㎥ per a hectare [8]

Anatomy

The wood is not always high quality, but most of them have high value wood, and it is important wood production in marketplace such as Black oak, scarlet oak, pin oak, shumard oak, and southern red oak(they usually called "Red oak"). It is quite popular in some countries of Europe, especially in Germany. Canada gives the biggest success, notably in Edmonton. It is naturalized at Revelstoke, British Columbia.[9] We can easily recognize Northern red oak by its bark.[10]

Ecology

You easily can be found Northern Red Oaks from Cape Breton Island, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, and Gaspé Peninsula of Quebec, to Ontario, in Canada. It also can be found in the U.S. from Minnesota South to eastern Nebraska and Oklahoma; east to Arkansas, southern Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina. Northern Red Oak is indigenous oak to grow northeast to Nova Scotia.[11] Northern Red Oak is distributed in Japan, Taiwan, and Chinese also. It mainly grows below 800m of foot of mountain and also can be seen in island and seashore[12]