Propane
From CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science
| Propane | |
|---|---|
 
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| General | |
| Systematic name | Propane |
| Other names | Tricarboxylic acid |
| Molecular formula | C3H8 |
| SMILES | CCC |
| Molar mass | 44.1g mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless gas |
| CAS number | 74-98-6 |
| Properties | |
| Density and phase | 1.83 kg/m30.00183 g/ml gas, 0.5077 kg/L, liquid |
| Solubility in water | 0.007g/100 ml (20°C) |
| Melting point | −187.6°C460.75 K 369.68 °F 829.35 °R |
| Boiling point | −42.09°C315.24 K 107.762 °F 567.432 °R |
| Acidity (pKa) | 3.2 |
| Chiral rotation [α]D | 134.8°° |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | Material safety data sheet |
| Main hazards | Fire and Explosion |
| NFPA 704 |
4
1
0
|
| Flash point | -104°C, -156F |
| R/S statement | R: R12 S: S2, S9, S16 |
| RTECS number | SE7545000, TX2275000 |
| Related compounds | |
| Related alkanes | Ethane Butane |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Disclaimer and references | |
Propane is a hydrocarbon known as an alkane, meaning it consists entirely of Carbon and Hydrogen. It is a colorless flammable gas with the molecular formula of C3H8. Unlike other gases, propane is heavier than air. We can find propane in two different forms, natural gas and petroleum. When Propane is transported, it is carried in an LPG tank. We use propane in many different areas of our lives; the most common uses of propane are fuel a for car or a stove in our house. Propane was developed in 1910 by Dr. Walter O. Snelling who was a chemist. Propane is the main fuel for we use in life, is 15 billion gallons are used during one year in United States.
Contents |
Properties
Propane is an alkane member along with methane, ethane, and butane. The Molar mass of propane is 44.1g-1 mole. It does not have any color, but it is dangerous around fire because it could easily explode. Propane can be found in three different states, which are Solid, liquid, and gas. Propane is mostly found in a gaseous state, but when it is transported, it has to be changed in to a liquid state. It is easier to control when it is in a liquid state then in a gaseous state. It is carried in an LPG, which is (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) used in car engines or boilers. Propane has a molecular formula of C3H8. The boiling point is -42.09°C and melting point is -187.6°C.[1]Propane is heavier then air, so if we make balloon with propane, it will not go up. Propane will not harm a humans body, but if people inhale too much propane you can die. Propane can be found in two different substances forms natural gas and petroleum. When we use natural gas, we have remove the butane and ethane; natural gas contains butane and ethane while propane does not. [2]
Occurrences
We can get Propane through two different ways, natural gas and Petroleum. Natural gas is 80% methane, ethane, propane, butane, nitrogen, and helium, so we can get Propane from natural gases. However we can not get much propane through natural gases, because natural gas contains little propane. So if we need to provide more propane for our country, we need more natural gases than amount of propane. The other way of occurrence is Petroleum. Petroleum is dark-colored liquid, petroleum is used in a cars fuel, gasoline, naphtha, benzene, kerosene, paraffin and many different ways. To get Propane, we have to heat Petroleum. Through heating, we can divide propane and petroleum, this process is called refining. [3]But we can not get much Propane through this way either, because it is residual of Petroleum. Propane does not have nature state because it is by-product from petroleum and natural gas. Propane is not infinity sources, so people must amount of Propane. Today, United States has Propane store, it can get 80 million barrels of propane. The United States store 10% of Propane (7% came from Canada and 3% came from ocean transport) on every years.[4]
Uses
In many different areas, propane is found with many different used ways. For example, In the most houses kitchen, propane is used with cooking stoves and every car use propane for cars fuel to work of motor. Most times, propane is carried with small steel container thank, which is called LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas)tank. Propane has lower boiling point than other sources, so it is used in cooking stove or to heat air for balloons. For many machine, propane is used for fuel state. It is used in locomotives, buses, taxis, and many of automobile parts. In addition, Propane is used in our house, through laundry dryers, waster heater, and cooking stoves. Therefore, in United States, many houses use propane to fuel with LPG tank. LPG tank is used in many areas, it does not filled only propane. LPG tank is mixed with butane and ethane and other gases. Butane and Ethane is kind of catalyst to block coagulation, so it if we does not use that, we can hard to use propane with solid LPG gases. [5]
Example of Propane Uses : Sweet potato dehydrating, Corn dryers, Tobacco dryers, Make-up air systems, Space heating, Under fired tanks for kettles, Scotch marine boilers, Package boilers, Oil fields or locomotive-type boilers, Dry kilns for brick or tile, Pottery kilns, Decorative tile kilns, Car and rack type core ovens, Under-fired deep fat kettles, Patented die casting machines, Chicken singeing, Burn-off paint and other combustibles, Candy drying, and cars fuel.
History
In 1910, Propane was developed by Dr. Walter O. Snelling who was chemist and explosives expert. He found propane from gasoline, but he could not control it. So he develop LPG (Liquefied petroleum gas) tank, it could control and stored propane easily and make transport to household. Also he established American Gasol Co, however propane did not common fuel to machine. [6] In 1912, Propane is used in cooking stove, and first used to power machine, which is pump less blowtorch. Propane is used to fuel states. After developed new machine, they started sales of propane, than it always increase sale volume on every year.[7] During this time, they also developed propane’s odorant; it affected more increase of sales volume. Before World War II, Propane was sold about 56 million gallons, but after World War II they sold 1 billion gallons. Few year later 50,000-gallon tank cars were developed; it made easily transport to every place. In 1981, President Reagan started controlling price of propane, because it used too much in our life, so the price of Propane was controlled by the government. Today, Propane used many place in our life such as stove, cars, and many different ways. Therefore propane was record 15 billion gallons used during one year in only United States.[8]
References
- Liquefied petroleum gasWikipedia.org, Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.
- Propane descriptionWikipedia.org, Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.
- Energy Kid's Page Propane-A Fossil Fuel, unknown author.
- Typical Properties of Propane Properties of Propane, unknown author.
- Energy Information Administration Brochures Propane Prices, unknown author.
- Shelby-bottled gas corporation History of Propane, Written by Shelby Bottled Gas Corp.
- jackson electric cooperative, inc. History of Propane, unknown author.
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