Fossil

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Fish with fossilized fleshy parts
Fish with fossilized fleshy parts

Fossils are remnants or traces of organisms from the past, that are typically embedded and preserved in sedimentary rock. There are three types of fossils: imprints, casts, mineralization.

  • Imprints are where the organism simply left an imprint on a rock.
  • Casts are where the organism left a cavity in a rock that got filled in by other material.
  • Mineralization is where the material of the bones or other body parts get replaced by minerals.

Layers of fossiliferous rocks provide a record of the sequence of their deposition. This "fossil record" is typically diagrammed in a cross-section known as the geological column.


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Paleobotany

Main Article: Paleobotany

Paleobotany is involved with the study of ancient plants. It is an important area of creation biology, as creationism and evolutionism have radically different descriptions of ancient plant life. Creationism holds that a wide variety of plant life was created by God fully intact with the capacity to reproduce and adapt to changing environments, approximately 6,000 years ago. Evolutionism holds that all plant life (and indeed all life on the planet) is related by common descent over millions of years, and that more complex plants developed more recently than simpler plants.

Paleozoology

Trilobite from Ordovician-age strata near St. Petersburg, Russia.
Trilobite from Ordovician-age strata near St. Petersburg, Russia.
Main Article: Paleozoology

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