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Augustine of Hippo

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Saint Augustine

Bishop, Confessor, Doctor of the Church
Born November 13, 35414 November 354
11 Kislev 4115 He
11 Kislev 4358 AM, Tagaste, Numidia
Died August 28, 43029 August 430
23 Elul 4190 He
22 Elul 4433 AM, Hippo, Numidia
Venerated in Roman Catholicism
Eastern Orthodoxy
Oriental Orthodoxy
Anglicanism
Lutheranism
Canonized 1303
Major shrine San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro, Pavia, Italy
Feast August 28 (Roman Catholicism)
June 15 (Eastern Orthodoxy)
Patronage brewers, printers, theologians, Spain

Augustine of Hippo (Latin: Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis), (November 13, 35414 November 354
11 Kislev 4115 He
11 Kislev 4358 AM–August 28, 43029 August 430
23 Elul 4190 He
22 Elul 4433 AM), is a Saint and Doctor of the Church according to the Catholic Church. The Eastern Orthodox Church also considers him a Saint; Blessed Augustine, the Bishop of Hippo.

Contents

Biography

He was born in Tagaste, Numidia (present day Souk Ahras, Algeria) the eldest son of Saint Monica. Augustine was of Berber (Amazigh) origin and was educated in North Africa. He followed the Manichaean religion in his student days, and was converted to Christianity by the preaching and example of Ambrose of Milan. He was baptized at Easter in 387, and returned to north Africa and created an monastic foundation at Tagaste for himself and a group of friends. In 391 he was ordained a priest in Hippo. He became a famous preacher (more than 350 preserved sermons are believed to be authentic), and noted for combatting the Manichaean heresy.

In 396 he was made coadjutor bishop of Hippo (assistant with the right of succession on the death of the current bishop), and remained as bishop in Hippo until his death in 430. He left his monastery, but continued to lead a monastic life in the episcopal residence. He left a Rule (Latin: Regula) for his monastery that has led him to be designated the "patron saint of Regular Clergy," that is parish clergy who live by a monastic rule.

Augustine died in 430 during the siege of Hippo by the Vandals. He is said to have encouraged its citizens to resist the attacks, primarily on the grounds that the Vandals adhered to Arianism, which Augustine, and the Church itself, regarded as heretical. His works—including The Confessions, which is often called the first Western autobiography—are still read around the world.

On Genesis

Augustine wrote The Literal Meaning of Genesis in 415 in which he argued that Genesis should be interpreted as God forming the Earth and life from pre-existing matter, allowed for an allegorical interpretation of the first chapter of Genesis, but called for a historical view of the remainder of the history recorded in Genesis, including the creation of Adam and Eve, and the Flood. He also also warned believers not to rashly interpret things literally that might be allegorical, as it would discredit the faith.

In 426, Saint Augustine completed City of God, in which he wrote:

"Some hold the same opinion regarding men that they hold regarding the world itself, that they have always been . . . . And when they are asked, how, . . . they reply that most, if not all lands, were so desolated at intervals by fire and flood, that men were greatly reduced in numbers, and . . . thus there was at intervals a new beginning made. . . . But they say what they think, not what they know. They are deceived . . . by those highly mendacious documents which profess to give the history of many thousand years, though reckoning by the sacred writings, we find that not 6,000 years have yet passed."

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