Geology
From CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science
The word geology comes from the Greek word geo meaning earth and logy which means "the study of." It is the study of the origin, history, and structure of the earth. This is usually taken to mean the formation of the fossil record or geologic column and other major features like mountains, rivers, lakes and the erosion that bodies of water cause as well as similar natural features of earth.
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History and Development
One of the most prominent geologic thinkers was Niels Steensen (1638–1686) who was responsible for the development and observation of superposition. The term superposition describes the process of sedimentary rock deposition in a successive, mainly horizontal fashion. In his book entitled, Forerunner (1669) Steensen implied a roughly 6,000-year-old Earth and that fossils within the rock strata laid down through superposition were deposited by Noah’s Flood. The century after Seensen's death saw several prominent authors stand firm in the principles put forth in Steensen's book. The English geologist John Woodward (1665–1722) and the German geologist Johann Lehmann (1719–1767), to name a few, wrote books ultimately reinforcing that view.[1]
The idea of an old earth is based on the principle of uniformitarianism, which is the doctrine that geologic processes have acted in the same regular manner and intensity throughout geologic time. This concept was begun in 1795 by James Hutton and further developed by Charles Lyell who is considered the father of modern geology. Charles Darwin took Lyell's book "Principles of Geology" during his historic voyage on the Beagle. Lyell's book inspired Darwin to form his theory of slow biological change known as gradualism.
Principles of Geology
There are two main components of geologic science which are historical geology and physical geology. Within creation science it provides clear evidence of the global flood of Noah, which strongly supports a young earth and goes against the long ages the theory of evolution assumes.
Physical geology
The study of the materials that make the various rock formations and structures of earth and the processes or mechanisms that shape them.
Historical geology
The study of earth's history with the study of sedimentary rocks, their relation in geologic time and the study of fossils and locations within the rocks.[2]
Principles of Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is the study of rock strata, especially the distribution, deposition, and age of sedimentary rocks. William Smith advanced stratigraphy around 1815 when he mapped out strata of England and drew a geological map that is almost unchanged today.[3]
Superposition
- Main Article: Principle of superposition
The principle of superposition, now known as the scientific law of superposition, is an axiom that forms one of the bases of the sciences of geology, archaeology, and other fields dealing with stratigraphy. It was first put forth in the 17th century by the Danish scientist Niels Steensen.
Continuity
- Main Article: Principle of continuity
Strata are formed from sediments in a fluid. Therefore, when any stratum forms it must be bordered on its sides by another solid body, or else, the sediments will continue around the earth.
Original horizontality
- Main Article: Principle of original horizontality
When a stratum is formed, the lower surface and surfaces of its sides, corresponded with the surfaces of the adjacent bodies. The upper surface was parallel to the horizon, as far as that is possible. With the exception of the lowest stratum, all the strata were contained in two parallel planes to the horizon and were at one time parallel to the horizon.
Sites of Geologic Interest
News
- Earth, Mars, Moon Have Different Origin, Study Says. In a direct challenge to the nebula hypothesis, French geologist Guillaume Caro says that the chemistries of these three bodies are inconsistent with, and unexplainable by, that model. National Geographic. March 19, 2008.
- The Global Flood As You've Never Seen It Dr. Walt Brown challenges many of the accepted theories, while offering scientific evidence backing a global flood and a young earth. CBNNews.com. November 27, 2007
- Rock of Ages, Ages of Rock A layman's feature on the First Conference on Creation Geology, the Creation Museum, and creationism in general. The New York Times Magazine. November 25, 2007.
- 3-D model shows big body of water in Earth's mantle Researchers at Washington University have discovered a water reservoir within the earth’s mantle. PhysOrg.com February 08, 2007.
- New campaign to censor different view of Grand Canyon Once again evolutionists are pushing the US National Parks Service to have the creationist book banned from Canyon bookstore. by Tas Walker. Creation Ministries International. January, 9 2007.
- RATE Book available Online! Available now for FREE download: the 676-page book Radioisotopes and the Age of the Earth.
- A cool solution to waste disposal A group of physicists in Germany claims to have discovered a way of speeding up radioactive decay. Physicsweb. July 31, 2006
- Geologists Discover Water Cuts Through Rock at Surprising Speed University of Vermont July 22, 2004
- Geologists Make Better Estimates of Rock Ages, Study Global Climate Change Research shows important Niagra Falls formations "formed five times faster than previously thought." Ohio State Research News.
- Ironstone pods in the Archean Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa Earth's oldest seafloor hydrothermal vents reinterpreted as Quaternary subaerial springs. Quaternary is considered the youngest of geological ages, and thus this represents a drastic reduction in the estimated age of these "oldest" hydrothermal vents. Geology Vol 31(10). October 2003. pp. 909–912
- University of Cincinnati Geologists Introduce Colleagues To Unknown Amphibian, New Tools for Studying Volcanoes and More Challenges views on erosion, asserts flood causes for the "Mother’s Day" bone dig in Montana, and challenges evolutionary assumptions on fossil succession. University of Cincinnati. November 5, 2003
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References
- ↑ Mortenson, Terry. "Where did the idea of millions of years come from?" June 21, 2007. Accessed August 20, 2008.
- ↑ Geology by Wikipedia
- ↑ Stratigraphy by Wikipedia
External Links
- Flood models: the need for an integrated approach
- More Creationist Research Part I: Geological Research CRSQ 25(4):161 March 1989
- Geology history History.com
- US Geologic Survey
- Geology Photo Gallery by Wikimedia Commons
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