Talk:Decapod

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Eye

The decapod eye is composed of numerous squares. These well-arranged squares are in fact the ends of tiny square tubes. The sides of each one of these square tubes are like mirrors that reflect the incoming light. This reflected light is focused onto the retina flawlessly. The sides of the tubes inside the eye are lodged at such perfect angles that they all focus onto a single point.[1]

The unique design of the decapod eye has been intensely studied to help understand how it allows some organisms to see in low light and murky waters. Rather than bending (refracting) the light to focus the image on the retina, several of the long-bodied decapod crustaceans (shrimps, prawns, crayfish and lobsters) possess “reflecting” compound eyes.[2] Unlike the more common compound eyes of insects, which have hexagonal facets, this unique eye design incorporates square facets that are arranged radially forming an optic array with a 180° field of view.[3] The geometric assemblage of facets has all of the hallmarks of intelligent design and defies attempts to explain it through natural mechanisms.[4]

Simply put, these facets are tiny square-shaped tubes with walls that act as mirrors to reflect the incoming light. The walls of each facet are perfectly aligned so that the reflected light is focused toward the receptor layer flawlessly so that they all merge at the same point. The design creates an intensified, superpositioned image because the light from many facets combines to form a single image.[5] As many as 3000 reflective facets are found in some species such as the Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus), and increases in sensitivity up to 1000 above the more common apposition type eye (where light remains within a single facet/ommatidium).[6]

The ability of the decapod’s eye to intensify an image that is captured from a broad field of view has intrigued engineers since the mechanism was first made known. Investigating biological systems or processes for potential use in technology is rapidly expanding field known as biomimicry. Several technological developments are now based on the unique geometric design of the decapod eye (see Lobster eye biomimicry).[2]. Researchers have developed a cosmic imaging device for use on space satellites,[7] and a handheld imaging system was built that can view through walls of various thicknesses and materials, and identify contents.[8]

Ears that hear and eyes that see—the LORD has made them both. Proverbs 20:12

  1. ↑ The Design in Nature by by Harun Yahya.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 New Design Innovatons from Biomimetics: Lobster Recruited in the War on Terrorism by Chris Ashcraft, Creation 32(3):21-23, July 2010.
  3. ↑ Land, Michael F., Eyes with mirror optics, Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics. 2 R44-R50, 2000. doi: 10.1088/1464-4258/2/6/204
  4. ↑ Sarfati, Jonathan. Lobster eyes—brilliant geometric design. Creation 23(3):12–13, June 2001.
  5. ↑ Land, Michael F., Superposition Images Are Formed by Reflection in the Eyes of Some Oceanic Decapod Crustacea, Nature, October, 28 1976, Volume 263, pp. 764-765. doi:10.1038/263764a0
  6. ↑ Gaten, Edward. Eye structure and phylogeny: is there an insight? The evolution of superposition eyes in the Decapoda (Crustacea).Contributions to Zoology, 67: 223-235. 1998
  7. ↑ Lobster Telescope Has An Eye For X-Rays ScienceDaily April 5, 2006.
  8. ↑ U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Eye of the Lobster. S&T Spotlight, Volume 1, Issue 7. November 2007.
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