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Morphine: Difference between revisions
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== Morphine Addiction == | == Morphine Addiction == | ||
Although morphine can be used for medical purposes, many people abuse morphine as well. Abuse includes using morphine more often or in larger amounts than prescribed by a doctor, or using morphine solely for the euphoric effects<ref name=morphineaddictionhelp2>[http://www.morphineaddictionhelp.com/5-reasons-to-get-clean-from-morphine]</ref>. This can be very harmful to the body and often leads to addiction. Morphine causes physical and psychological dependence by stimulating the reward center in the brain. It produces high levels of euphoria, and the brain begins to crave the pleasurable sensations, causing people to crave the drug<ref name=narconon>[http://www.narconon.ca/morphine.htm]</ref>. Signs of morphine addiction may include abnormal sweating, an unusual sense of happiness or well-being, involuntary eye movement or twitching, hallucinations, and needle marks<ref name=morphineaddictionhelp3>[http://www.morphineaddictionhelp.com/doctors-is-your-patient-addicted-to-morphine]</ref>. | |||
Morphine | Morphine is extremely addictive and creates high levels of tolerance in patients, meaning that after a while it takes much more morphine to achieve the same effects. People who abuse morphine to get high must continually increase their dosage as they build up tolerance to the drug. Addicts might end up taking 5 grams of morphine a day or more because they have built up such a high tolerance--this dose would kill a normal person. Normal doses of morphine range from 50 to 80 milligrams per day<ref name=Drugsandsociety/>. Morphine can cause mild addiction in as little as one to two weeks, and will result in stronger addiction if taken for a longer period of time<ref name=ehow3>[http://www.ehow.com/about_6532046_morphine-ir_.html]</ref>. | ||
People often try to illegally obtain morphine by increasing their prescription, doctor or pharmacy shopping (obtaining prescriptions from more than one place to obtain extra morphine), or getting illegal prescriptions<ref name=morphineaddictionhelp4/>. Street names for morphine include M, Number 13, white nurse, cube juice, monkey dust, white lady, Miss Emma or Aunt Emma, salt, sugar, Mister Blue, morpho, dreamer, and God's drug<ref name=morphineaddictionhelp4>[http://www.morphineaddictionhelp.com/morphine-street-names]</ref><ref name=morphineaddctionhelp/>. Typically, illicit morphine is taken as an oral liquid, injected using needles, smoked or snorted as a powder, or mixed with alcohol, cocaine, or some other substance to make it more powerful. Morphine powder is sometimes obtained by breaking open extended-release tablets or grinding up morphine pills. Although morphine is popular where readily available, it is not commonly found on the street. Heroin is usually preferred to morphine, and produces nearly identical effects unless injected, in which case it acts much more quickly than morphine<ref name=drugrehab>[http://find.drugrehab.ca/672/review-on-morphine-illicit-use/]</ref><ref name=EncyclopediaofFamilyHealth/>. Heroin, being more fat-soluble than morphine, can be absorbed more quickly by the body to produce more immediate feelings of euphoria. Heroin is also twice as potent as morphine and is preferred in the illegal drug trade because it is easier to produce<ref name=Drugsandsociety>[http://books.google.com/books?id=CYVnE2grkusC&pg=PA268&lpg=PA268&dq=morphine&source=vrt&ots=kSnVvJ187F&sig=D2IeU2vlpQ3ux3uR1-LlANz4FR8&hl=en&ei=gnmrTarLD6fOiAL62-TvDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=21&ved=0CK4BEOgBMBQ#v=onepage&q=morphine&f=false] by Glen R. Hanson, Peter J. Venturelli, Annette E. Fleckenstein</ref>. | |||
The best way to overcome a morphine addiction is by going to a drug rehabilitation center, where both the physical and psychological addictions can be treated. Morphine withdrawal can have serious and potentially life-threatening side effects. Going to a rehab center can help avoid any complications and protect the patient against overdose, health problems, and relapses. Drug rehab centers typically offer both short-term and long-term treatment options, and may provide either psychological treatment or physical treatment through morphine detox, although most places offer comprehensive treatment<ref>[http://rehab-international.org/morphine-rehab-guide]</ref>. Medications may be used to help with the pain of morphine withdrawal, such as methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone<ref name=morphineaddictionhelp4/> | |||
== Side Effects and Withdrawal == | == Side Effects and Withdrawal == | ||
