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Acupuncture: Difference between revisions
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== History == | == History == | ||
Acupuncture and moxabustion have been used in the Far East to restore, promote, and maintain good health for over 5000 years. The first acupuncture needles were made from stone, and then later from bronze, gold and silver. The first known medical account of acupuncture was The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine (Huang Di Nei Jing Su Wen), which dates from around 300 BC. | |||
Acupuncture is rooted in the Daoist philosophy of change, growth, balance, and harmony. The Yellow Emperor's Classic outlines the principles of natural law and the phases of life - yin and yang, the five elements, the organ system and the meridian network along which the vital acupuncture points are located. These records also contain details of pathology and physiology, which some 2,000 years later provide the theoretical foundation for acupuncture today. | |||
Although acupuncture is used far more extensively in China than in the West, the last few decades have seen huge growth in people seeking the benefits of this safe and highly effective treatment.[http://www.acupuncture.com/newsletters/m_oct09/acupuncture%20fertility.htm] | |||
The earliest written record of acupuncture is the Chinese text Shiji (史記, English: Records of the Grand Historian) with elaboration of its history in the second century BCE medical text Huangdi Neijing (黃帝內經, English: Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon).[8] Different types of acupuncture (Classical Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese and Korean acupuncture) are practiced and taught throughout the world. Acupuncture has been the subject of active scientific research since the late 20th century[9] but it remains controversial among conventional medical researchers and clinicians.[9] Due to the invasive nature of acupuncture treatments, it is difficult to create studies that use proper scientific controls.[10][9][11][12][13]:126 Some scholarly reviews have concluded that the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment can be explained largely through the placebo effect,[14][15] while other studies have suggested some efficacy in the treatment of specific conditions.[9][16][17] The World Health Organization published a review of controlled trials using acupuncture and concluded it was effective for the treatment of 28 conditions and there was evidence to suggest it may be effective for several dozen more,[18] though this review has been criticized by several scientists for bias and a focus on studies with a poor methodology.[19][20] Reports from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), the American Medical Association (AMA) and various government reports have studied and commented on the efficacy (or lack thereof) of acupuncture. There is general agreement that acupuncture is safe when administered by well-trained practitioners using sterile needles, and that further research is appropriate.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acupuncture] | The earliest written record of acupuncture is the Chinese text Shiji (史記, English: Records of the Grand Historian) with elaboration of its history in the second century BCE medical text Huangdi Neijing (黃帝內經, English: Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon).[8] Different types of acupuncture (Classical Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese and Korean acupuncture) are practiced and taught throughout the world. Acupuncture has been the subject of active scientific research since the late 20th century[9] but it remains controversial among conventional medical researchers and clinicians.[9] Due to the invasive nature of acupuncture treatments, it is difficult to create studies that use proper scientific controls.[10][9][11][12][13]:126 Some scholarly reviews have concluded that the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment can be explained largely through the placebo effect,[14][15] while other studies have suggested some efficacy in the treatment of specific conditions.[9][16][17] The World Health Organization published a review of controlled trials using acupuncture and concluded it was effective for the treatment of 28 conditions and there was evidence to suggest it may be effective for several dozen more,[18] though this review has been criticized by several scientists for bias and a focus on studies with a poor methodology.[19][20] Reports from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), the American Medical Association (AMA) and various government reports have studied and commented on the efficacy (or lack thereof) of acupuncture. There is general agreement that acupuncture is safe when administered by well-trained practitioners using sterile needles, and that further research is appropriate.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acupuncture] | ||
Antiquity | Antiquity | ||
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In 2006, a BBC documentary Alternative Medicine filmed a patient undergoing open heart surgery allegedly under acupuncture-induced anaesthesia. It was later revealed that the patient had been given a cocktail of weak anaesthetics that in combination could have a much more powerful effect. The program was also criticised for its fanciful interpretation of the results of a brain scanning experiment.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acupuncture] | In 2006, a BBC documentary Alternative Medicine filmed a patient undergoing open heart surgery allegedly under acupuncture-induced anaesthesia. It was later revealed that the patient had been given a cocktail of weak anaesthetics that in combination could have a much more powerful effect. The program was also criticised for its fanciful interpretation of the results of a brain scanning experiment.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acupuncture] | ||
== Traditional Method == | == Traditional Method == | ||
