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Chromosome: Difference between revisions
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==Structure of the Chromosome== | |||
[[Image:Centromere.gif|right|350px]] | [[Image:Centromere.gif|right|350px]] | ||
The chromosome is made up of mostly deoxyribonucleic acid and proteins. Nucleotides are the bases for how the DNA structure is formed. A gene occupies much of the space within the chromosome. Because of the way that the chromosome is shaped even when the DNA is confined the chromosome can still go through with transcription. RNA is the molecule that tell the DNA what type of proteins will be produced in the different areas of the chromosome. Chromosomes are what make the DNA replicate and reproduce making each of its offspring have half of the parent cells genes. [http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761566230/Chromosome.html] | The chromosome is made up of mostly deoxyribonucleic acid and proteins. Nucleotides are the bases for how the DNA structure is formed. A gene occupies much of the space within the chromosome. Because of the way that the chromosome is shaped even when the DNA is confined the chromosome can still go through with transcription. RNA is the molecule that tell the DNA what type of proteins will be produced in the different areas of the chromosome. Chromosomes are what make the DNA replicate and reproduce making each of its offspring have half of the parent cells genes. [http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761566230/Chromosome.html] | ||
==Chromsomes in Eukaryotes== | |||
In the Eukaryotic cell the nucleus has many large linear chromosomes. The chromosomes contained within this nucleus all have a centronmere, which is a special sequence or structure in a part of the chromosome. Chromatin is a protein that is made up of DNA that is found with in the nucleus. This is what packages the chromosomes. While the chromatin goes through a phase called interphase the chromosome is not yet seen. The eukaryotic cell goes through a stage known as mitosis or meiosis. During this stage the cell turns in to a form that is easier to move and is smaller. Because of the size of the cell the chromosome is then visible. When the microtubules form a spindle within the cell it can attach to the chromosome. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome] | In the Eukaryotic cell the nucleus has many large linear chromosomes. The chromosomes contained within this nucleus all have a centronmere, which is a special sequence or structure in a part of the chromosome. Chromatin is a protein that is made up of DNA that is found with in the nucleus. This is what packages the chromosomes. While the chromatin goes through a phase called interphase the chromosome is not yet seen. The eukaryotic cell goes through a stage known as mitosis or meiosis. During this stage the cell turns in to a form that is easier to move and is smaller. Because of the size of the cell the chromosome is then visible. When the microtubules form a spindle within the cell it can attach to the chromosome. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome] | ||
==Heredity== | |||
[[Image:Sex chromosomes.gif|left|200px]] | [[Image:Sex chromosomes.gif|left|200px]] | ||
Heredity is the passing of characteristics throughout the human life to their offspring. Chromosomes use heredity to pass on the characteristics from a mom and a dad to their offspring. Genes are what are carried throughout the cell in order to pass on the right characteristics from one generation to the next. What makes up the genes are that the chemicals known as deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA. These long chins of deoxyribonucleic acid are found within the chromosome. Heredity is what determines the characteristics of your body and what you inherit from your parents. This one of the processes that are used in the process of the chromosome. (World Book) | Heredity is the passing of characteristics throughout the human life to their offspring. Chromosomes use heredity to pass on the characteristics from a mom and a dad to their offspring. Genes are what are carried throughout the cell in order to pass on the right characteristics from one generation to the next. What makes up the genes are that the chemicals known as deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA. These long chins of deoxyribonucleic acid are found within the chromosome. Heredity is what determines the characteristics of your body and what you inherit from your parents. This one of the processes that are used in the process of the chromosome. (World Book) | ||
==DNA== | |||
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a chainlike molecule that can be found in every living cell on earth. There are sections within the DNA that are what determine the passing of characteristic throughout a families life. DNA is found in the nucleus of most cells. They are found in threadlike structures, which are called chromosomes. DNA directs many things within the cell like the formation, growth, and the reproduction of a cell. Through the process of cell division the chromosome will give an equal amount of chromosomes to each of the new cell so that the DNA will have remnants from the original cell. this is how the DNA and the characteristics from the parent organisms get passed on. (World Book) | Deoxyribonucleic acid is a chainlike molecule that can be found in every living cell on earth. There are sections within the DNA that are what determine the passing of characteristic throughout a families life. DNA is found in the nucleus of most cells. They are found in threadlike structures, which are called chromosomes. DNA directs many things within the cell like the formation, growth, and the reproduction of a cell. Through the process of cell division the chromosome will give an equal amount of chromosomes to each of the new cell so that the DNA will have remnants from the original cell. this is how the DNA and the characteristics from the parent organisms get passed on. (World Book) | ||
== Related References == | |||
* World Book | * World Book | ||
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* [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome Chromosomes]] Wikipedia | * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome Chromosomes]] Wikipedia | ||
== News: == | |||
*[http://www.nature.com/nsu/040524/040524-8.html Chimp chromosome creates puzzles ] Nature May 27th, 2004 | *[http://www.nature.com/nsu/040524/040524-8.html Chimp chromosome creates puzzles ] Nature May 27th, 2004 | ||
== See Also: == | |||
* [[Cell Biology]] | * [[Cell Biology]] | ||
* [[Genetics]] | * [[Genetics]] | ||
