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Mutation: Difference between revisions
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It is however difficult to say that a given mutation which is considered to be neutral has no negative effect upon an organism if it is fixed in the genome because genomes are highly compressed, and that genetic sequences are often overlapping or nested. Anuj Kumar has stated in 'An Overview of Nested Genes in Eukaryotic Genomes'<ref>[http://ec.asm.org/content/8/9/1321.full An Overview of Nested Genes in Eukaryotic Genomes] by [[Anuj Kumar]]. ''[[Eukaryotic Cell]]'' September 2009 vol. 8 no. 9 1321-1329.</ref> , | It is however difficult to say that a given mutation which is considered to be neutral has no negative effect upon an organism if it is fixed in the genome because genomes are highly compressed, and that genetic sequences are often overlapping or nested. Anuj Kumar has stated in 'An Overview of Nested Genes in Eukaryotic Genomes'<ref>[http://ec.asm.org/content/8/9/1321.full An Overview of Nested Genes in Eukaryotic Genomes] by [[Anuj Kumar]]. ''[[Eukaryotic Cell]]'' September 2009 vol. 8 no. 9 1321-1329.</ref> , | ||
"For more than 30 years, we have understood that genes may be organized within genomic DNA in complex spatial arrangements. In particular, gene-coding sequences can overlap: a given segment of genomic DNA can encode more than one gene product, with the overlapping genes often oriented on opposite strands | "For more than 30 years, we have understood that genes may be organized within genomic DNA in complex spatial arrangements. In particular, gene-coding sequences can overlap: a given segment of genomic DNA can encode more than one gene product, with the overlapping genes often oriented on opposite strands. In some cases, the overlapping genes are organized such that one gene is entirely contained within the chromosomal region occupied by another gene. In such instances, the internal gene is referred to as a “nested” gene." | ||
Furthermore, sequences of information in a genome may be comprised of nucleotides which are at different loci on the DNA molecule, and may be part of other sequences which may or many not be directly related in function, as stated by Elizabeth Pennisi<ref>[http://www.sciencemag.org/content/316/5831/1556 DNA Study Forces Rethink of What It Means to Be a Gene] by [[Elizabeth Pennisi]]. ''[[Science]]'' 15 June 2007, Vol. 316 no. 5831 pp. 1556-1557</ref>, | Furthermore, sequences of information in a genome may be comprised of nucleotides which are at different loci on the DNA molecule, and may be part of other sequences which may or many not be directly related in function, as stated by Elizabeth Pennisi<ref>[http://www.sciencemag.org/content/316/5831/1556 DNA Study Forces Rethink of What It Means to Be a Gene] by [[Elizabeth Pennisi]]. ''[[Science]]'' 15 June 2007, Vol. 316 no. 5831 pp. 1556-1557</ref>, | ||
