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* '''Infra class:''' [[Neoptera]] | * '''Infra class:''' [[Neoptera]] | ||
* '''Super order:''' [[Psocodea]] | * '''Super order:''' [[Psocodea]] | ||
* '''Order:''' | * '''Order: Phthiraptera'''<ref>[https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Phthiraptera Phthiraptera] ''Wikispecies''. Web. Modified March 17 2013. Unknown Author.</ref> | ||
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* Suborder Rhynchophthirina<ref>[https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Rhynchophthirina Rhynchophthirina] ''Wikispecies''. Web. Modified November 11 2012. Unknown Author.</ref> | * Suborder Rhynchophthirina<ref>[https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Rhynchophthirina Rhynchophthirina] ''Wikispecies''. Web. Modified November 11 2012. Unknown Author.</ref> | ||
: * Haematomyzidae | : * Haematomyzidae | ||
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[[File:Body design of louse.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Ventral view of male louse]] | [[File:Body design of louse.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Ventral view of male louse]] | ||
There are many different types of lice but they all have common body design. Usually it's the size of a pinhead and it's oval shaped with 3 legs and claws each side of it's body.<ref>Brannon, Heather. [http://dermatology.about.com/cs/headlice/a/headlice.htm Head lice] ''About.com.Dermatology''. Web. Last Updated April 09 2008 .</ref> | There are many different types of lice but they all have common body design. Usually it's the size of a pinhead and it's oval shaped with 3 legs and claws each side of it's body.<ref>Brannon, Heather. [http://dermatology.about.com/cs/headlice/a/headlice.htm Head lice] ''About.com.Dermatology''. Web. Last Updated April 09 2008 .</ref> | ||
All the adult lice have a head, thorax, and abdomen. It's head has anterior piercing mouth part that can pierce through the scalp or skin of it's prey.<ref>[http://teacherweb.com/CAD/EcoleStMaloSchool/EcoleStMaloSchool/HeadLice---Life-Cycle.pdf Head Lice] ''Head Lice Life Cycle and Characteristics''. Web. Date of publication January 2008 . | All the adult lice have a head, thorax, and abdomen. It's head has anterior piercing mouth part that can pierce through the scalp or skin of it's prey.<ref>[http://teacherweb.com/CAD/EcoleStMaloSchool/EcoleStMaloSchool/HeadLice---Life-Cycle.pdf Head Lice] ''Head Lice Life Cycle and Characteristics''. Web. Date of publication January 2008 . Unknown Author</ref> | ||
Lice has a flat body which can help lice to stick to it's prey's feather or hair. The color of lice is depends on it's prey's body color. which means that all animals with white hair has white lice, and those with black hair almost always has black lice. | Lice has a flat body which can help lice to stick to it's prey's feather or hair. The color of lice is depends on it's prey's body color. which means that all animals with white hair has white lice, and those with black hair almost always has black lice. | ||
The blood sucking lice has three | The blood sucking lice has three stylets within it's head. It has small proboscis with the tooth-like processes which is for holding the prey when it's sucking the blood out of it's prey but the other lice has little different mouthpart, for example, the elephant lice has different mandibles at the end of a long proboscis than the other lice. | ||
Lice uses antennae as clasping organ to hold female when they are mating. | Lice uses antennae as clasping organ to hold female when they are mating. | ||
Since the female lice does not have a defined ovipositor it has lobes at the end of it's abdomen with can be used when they are laying eggs in the specific area.<ref>Clay, Theresa. [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/349361/louse/39608/Ecology#toc39609 Louse] ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''. Web. Last Updated April 01 2010 .</ref> | Since the female lice does not have a defined ovipositor it has lobes at the end of it's abdomen with can be used when they are laying eggs in the specific area.<ref>Clay, Theresa. [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/349361/louse/39608/Ecology#toc39609 Louse] ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''. Web. Last Updated April 01 2010 .</ref> | ||
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Head lice spread through direct contact, head to head. Head lice can stick on to hats, coats, and brushes. <ref>Robert, Williams.[http://inhealth.cnn.com/quick-guide-to-head-lice/10-things-to-know-about-head-lice/ Head Lice] ''CNN Health''. Web. Last Updated June 07 2012.</ref> | Head lice spread through direct contact, head to head. Head lice can stick on to hats, coats, and brushes. <ref>Robert, Williams.[http://inhealth.cnn.com/quick-guide-to-head-lice/10-things-to-know-about-head-lice/ Head Lice] ''CNN Health''. Web. Last Updated June 07 2012.</ref> | ||
Lice can reduce it's host's life expectancy also it can transfer microbial diseases lice sticking it's teeth in to it's prey. | Lice can reduce it's host's life expectancy also it can transfer microbial diseases lice sticking it's teeth in to it's prey. | ||
Scientists are using lice for study of contagious pathogens.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louse#Ecology Louse Ecology] ''Wikipedia''. Web. Last Modified September 05 2013. | Scientists are using lice for study of contagious pathogens.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louse#Ecology Louse Ecology] ''Wikipedia''. Web. Last Modified September 05 2013. Unknown Author.</ref> Lice's mouthpart is well adapted just for sucking blood off of it's prey. When it bite the prey it injects salivary secretion to prevent blood from become dense while it's feeding. The stylets goes back into it's head when it's done with eating food. The feather-eating mallophaga can digest protein on it's feather(keratin).<ref>Clay, Theresa.[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/349361/louse/39608/Ecology Louse] ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''. Web. Last Updated April 01 2010.</ref> | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == |