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Homo erectus: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Homo_ergaster.jpg|thumb|120px|''Homo ergaster'' - Skull Khm-Heu 3733 discovered by Bernard Ngeneo in 1975 (Kenya)]] | [[Image:Homo_ergaster.jpg|thumb|120px|''Homo ergaster'' - Skull Khm-Heu 3733 discovered by Bernard Ngeneo in 1975 (Kenya)]] | ||
=== Homo ergaster === | === Homo ergaster === | ||
Some have argued that certain ''Homo erectus'' fossils found in East Africa are a distinct species called ''Homo ergaster'', the name being derived from the Ancient Greek ἐργαστήρ "workman". Many that except this species hold that they are the direct descendants of modern ''Homo sapiens'', rather than erectus. It is asserted that ''H. sapiens'' then migrated from Africa replacing ''Homo erectus'' (or archaic ''Homo sapiens'') populations found in other parts of the world.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_ergaster Homo ergaster] Wikipedia, Accessed September 18, 2011.</ref> This model of human evolution is known as the [[Out-of-Africa hypothesis]], which is distinct from the competing view known as the [[Multiregional hypothesis]].<ref>[http://www.nature.com/scitable/content/out-of-africa-versus-the-multiregional-hypothesis-6391 Out-of-Africa versus the multiregional hypothesis] Nature Education, Accessed September 18, 2011.</ref> However, there remains considerable debate as to whether ''Homo ergaster'' should be considered a separate species from ''Homo erectus'', and many in fact treat them one and the same.<ref>[http://anthro.palomar.edu/homo/homo_2.htm Homo erectus] by Dennis O'Neil. Behavioral Sciences Department, Palomar College, San Marcos, California.</ref> | Some have argued that certain ''Homo erectus'' fossils found in East [[Africa]] are a distinct species called ''Homo ergaster'', the name being derived from the Ancient Greek ἐργαστήρ "workman". Many that except this species hold that they are the direct descendants of modern ''Homo sapiens'', rather than erectus. It is asserted that ''H. sapiens'' then migrated from Africa replacing ''Homo erectus'' (or archaic ''Homo sapiens'') populations found in other parts of the world.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_ergaster Homo ergaster] Wikipedia, Accessed September 18, 2011.</ref> This model of human evolution is known as the [[Out-of-Africa hypothesis]], which is distinct from the competing view known as the [[Multiregional hypothesis]].<ref>[http://www.nature.com/scitable/content/out-of-africa-versus-the-multiregional-hypothesis-6391 Out-of-Africa versus the multiregional hypothesis] Nature Education, Accessed September 18, 2011.</ref> However, there remains considerable debate as to whether ''Homo ergaster'' should be considered a separate species from ''Homo erectus'', and many in fact treat them one and the same.<ref>[http://anthro.palomar.edu/homo/homo_2.htm Homo erectus] by Dennis O'Neil. Behavioral Sciences Department, Palomar College, San Marcos, California.</ref> | ||
{{cquote|In short, ''H. ergaster'' does not show significant promise of lasting as a separate taxon due to several factors. It has not been shown to be significantly different from erectus to require the designation of a new hominid species, and it has not been shown to be closer to modern humans morphologically as has been claimed by some. At this time, ergaster basically means early ''H. erectus'' from Africa.<ref>[http://archaeologyinfo.com/homo-ergaster/ Homo ergaster] ArchaeologyInfo.com, Accessed September 11, 2011.</ref>}} | {{cquote|In short, ''H. ergaster'' does not show significant promise of lasting as a separate taxon due to several factors. It has not been shown to be significantly different from erectus to require the designation of a new hominid species, and it has not been shown to be closer to modern humans morphologically as has been claimed by some. At this time, ergaster basically means early ''H. erectus'' from Africa.<ref>[http://archaeologyinfo.com/homo-ergaster/ Homo ergaster] ArchaeologyInfo.com, Accessed September 11, 2011.</ref>}} | ||
In 2002, a skull was discoverd in Ethiopia with distinctive ''Homo erectus'' features that was dated at 1 mya (by evolutionary chronology), supporting the earlier view that erectus lived in Africa when ''Homo sapiens'' are believed to have first evolved.<ref>[http://archives.cnn.com/2002/TECH/science/03/22/ancestor/index.html Skull may link pre-humans to modern man] ''Cable News Network'', March 22, 2002.</ref> [[Carl Wieland]] notes that this discovery simply highlights the subjectivity of human fossil interpretation and the tight overlap between fossils that are often identified as separate species.<ref>[http://creation.com/skull-wars-new-homo-erectus-skull-in-ethiopia Skull wars: new ‘Homo erectus’ skull in Ethiopia] by Carl Wieland, ''Creation Ministries International'', March 22, 2002.</ref> | In 2002, a skull was discoverd in [[Ethiopia]] with distinctive ''Homo erectus'' features that was dated at 1 mya (by evolutionary chronology), supporting the earlier view that erectus lived in Africa when ''Homo sapiens'' are believed to have first evolved.<ref>[http://archives.cnn.com/2002/TECH/science/03/22/ancestor/index.html Skull may link pre-humans to modern man] ''Cable News Network'', March 22, 2002.</ref> [[Carl Wieland]] from [[Creation Ministries International]] notes that this discovery simply highlights the subjectivity of human fossil interpretation and the tight morphological overlap between fossils that are often identified as separate species.<ref>[http://creation.com/skull-wars-new-homo-erectus-skull-in-ethiopia Skull wars: new ‘Homo erectus’ skull in Ethiopia] by Carl Wieland, ''Creation Ministries International'', March 22, 2002.</ref> | ||
[[File:Peking Man.jpg|thumb|120px|Peking Man Skull (replica) presented at Paleozoological Museum of China.]] | [[File:Peking Man.jpg|thumb|120px|Peking Man Skull (replica) presented at Paleozoological Museum of China.]] | ||
