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Biological system: Difference between revisions
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The '''nervous system''' regulates the body's responses to internal and external stimuli by carrying information to and from all parts of the body through a vast network of nerve cells. It has two basic parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system. The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system includes the nerves outside the CNS (i.e. [[muscular system|motor]] and [[sensory system]] functions). | The '''nervous system''' regulates the body's responses to internal and external stimuli by carrying information to and from all parts of the body through a vast network of nerve cells. It has two basic parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system. The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system includes the nerves outside the CNS (i.e. [[muscular system|motor]] and [[sensory system]] functions). | ||
== | == Reproductive system == | ||
: ''Main Article: [[ | : ''Main Article: [[Reproductive system]]'' | ||
== | == Respirator system == | ||
: ''Main Article: [[Reproductive system]]'' | : ''Main Article: [[Reproductive system]]'' | ||
== Skeletal system == | |||
: ''Main Article: [[Skeletal system]]'' | |||
The '''skeletal system''' provides support and protection for [[animals]]. There are two main types of skeletal systems. The endoskeleton is an interal support system of the type possessed by [[humans]] and other [[vertebrates]], which is made of bone. The exoskeleton is an external system that was designed for many invertebrates such as the [[crustaceans]] and [[insects]]. The composition of exoskeletons vary widely, but known constituents include [[calcium]] [[salts]], [[protein]], [[carbohydrates]] ([[chitin]]) and silicate. | |||
== Sensory system == | == Sensory system == | ||
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Sensory systems are designed to detect signals from the environment, such as sound waves, odors, and tastes. Sensory organs like [[eyes]], [[ears]], [[nose]], and the [[tongue]] have specialized [[cells]] equipped for sensing specific types of stimulus. For example, you can hear the phone ring because sound waves vibrate hairlike projections (called stereocilia) that extend from cells in your inner [[ear]]. The message is then communicated through the [[nervous system]]. Similarly, to see and smell the world around you and taste its variety of flavors, your body must convey molecular signals from the environment into your sensory cells.<ref name=nigms>[http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/insidethecell/chapter3.html Inside the Cell. Chapter 3 On the Job: Cellular Specialties] By Alison Davis. by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences.</ref> | Sensory systems are designed to detect signals from the environment, such as sound waves, odors, and tastes. Sensory organs like [[eyes]], [[ears]], [[nose]], and the [[tongue]] have specialized [[cells]] equipped for sensing specific types of stimulus. For example, you can hear the phone ring because sound waves vibrate hairlike projections (called stereocilia) that extend from cells in your inner [[ear]]. The message is then communicated through the [[nervous system]]. Similarly, to see and smell the world around you and taste its variety of flavors, your body must convey molecular signals from the environment into your sensory cells.<ref name=nigms>[http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/insidethecell/chapter3.html Inside the Cell. Chapter 3 On the Job: Cellular Specialties] By Alison Davis. by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences.</ref> | ||
== | === Olfactory system === | ||
: ''Main Article: [[ | : ''Main Article: [[Olfactory system]]'' | ||
The | The olfactory system is a biological [[sensory system]] designed to detect odors. Like other sensory organs, the nose has specialized [[cells]] equipped for detecting signals from the environment. The message is then communicated through the nervous system.<ref>[http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/insidethecell/chapter3.html Inside the Cell. Chapter 3 On the Job: Cellular Specialties] By Alison Davis. by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences.</ref> | ||
=== Visual system === | |||
: ''Main Article: [[Visual system]]'' | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
