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Chromosome: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Chromosome.png|right|450px]] | [[Image:Chromosome.png|right|450px]] | ||
'''Chromosomes''' | '''Chromosomes''' are large organic molecules that contain most or all of the genetic information of the cell or virus and a great many [[genes]]. This threadlike structure is found in the cells of every organism and is responsible for passing of characteristics to offspring is the process of heredity. | ||
The structure of the chromosome consist of two long strands of [[Deoxyribonucleic Acid]] (DNA) that are bound together, and twisted into the shape of a helix. The DNA helix is organized additionally by becoming wrapped around proteins called [[histones]] forming a DNA-protein complex known as a nucleosome. During [[cell division]], the nucleosomes coil further into a dense, visible (stainable) mass of [[DNA]] most people think of as a chromosome. | |||
In Eukaryotes, a structure composed of DNA and proteins that bare part of the genetic information of the cell.(Purves, G-5) In a eukaryotic cell the chromosome is contained within the organelle known as the [[cell nucleus|nucleus]]. Before the synthesis of DNA each of the chromosomes have only one double stranded DNA molecule : after the DNA has been replicated the new DNA molecule is called chromatids. These chromatids are then held together by cohesin. When the cell is in interphase the chromosome has many DNA molecules roaming around the nucleosomes (Purves, 196). | In Eukaryotes, a structure composed of DNA and proteins that bare part of the genetic information of the cell.(Purves, G-5) In a eukaryotic cell the chromosome is contained within the organelle known as the [[cell nucleus|nucleus]]. Before the synthesis of DNA each of the chromosomes have only one double stranded DNA molecule : after the DNA has been replicated the new DNA molecule is called chromatids. These chromatids are then held together by cohesin. When the cell is in interphase the chromosome has many DNA molecules roaming around the nucleosomes (Purves, 196). | ||
