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, 19 October 2007
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| Other chlorinated hydrocarbons are used as pesticides in the farms, but all of these compounds are very stable so they are becoming a serious problem. | | Other chlorinated hydrocarbons are used as pesticides in the farms, but all of these compounds are very stable so they are becoming a serious problem. |
| [http://science.jrank.org/pages/1438/Chlorine-Properties-uses-chlorine.html] | | [http://science.jrank.org/pages/1438/Chlorine-Properties-uses-chlorine.html] |
| Chlorine (Cl2) is one of the most reactive elements; it easily binds to other elements. In the periodic chart chlorine can be found among the halogens. Other halogens are fluorine (F), bromine (Br), iodene (I) and astatine (At). All halogens react with other elements in the same way and can form a large quantity of substances. Halogens often react with metals to form soluble salts.
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| Chlorine atoms contain 17 negative electrons (negatively charged particles). These move around the heavy core of the atom in three shells. Within the inner shell there are two electrons, within the middle shell there are eight and within the outer shell there are seven. In the outer shell there is space left for another electron. This causes free, charged atoms, called ions, to form. It can also cause an extra eletron to form (a covalent bond; a chlorine bond), causing the outer shell to complete.
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| Figure 2: chlorine atoms contain 17 electrons
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| Chlorine can form very stable substances, such as kitchen salt (NaCl). Chlorine can also form very reactive products, such as hydrogen chloride (HCl). When hydrogen chloride dissolves in water it becomes hydrochloric acid. The hydrogen atom gives off one electron to the chlorine atom, causing hydrogen and chlorine ions to form. These ions react with any kind of substance they come in contact with, even metals that are corrosion resistant under normal circumstances. Concentrated hydrochloric acid can even corrode stainless steel. This is why it is stored either in glass or in plastic.[http://www.lenntech.com/water-disinfection/disinfectants-chlorine.htm#properties]
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| ==Occurrences== | | ==Occurrences== |
