진화

창조 위키

Evolution of the numeral 3 from the Brahmin Indians to the Europeans.
Evolution of the numeral 3 from the Brahmin Indians to the Europeans.

진화라는 단어는 근본적으로 “단계적인 변화”를 뜻한다. 이 단어는 넓은 뜻으로 또한 넓은 뜻으로 별들, 은하계, 언어, 습성들, 성숙과 정치적 제도등을 오랫동안 변화하는데도 쓰인다. 이러한 넓은 의미를 통해, 진화라는 단어는 여러 가지 다른 방법으로 쓰인다. 그 중 대부분 잘 사용되어지고 있는 진화라는 단어의 두 가지 뜻이 있다.

생물학적 진화론이 사실이라는 과학적 사실을 통지하기 때문에 진화라는 단어의 다른 두 가지의 이용은 중요하다. 그러나 그것은 진화의 학설이 추상적인 일일 뿐이다.

목차

생물학적 진화론

Ernst Haeckel이 만든 여러 가지 다른 모습의 난초 판화.
Ernst Haeckel이 만든 여러 가지 다른 모습의 난초 판화.
Main article: 생물학적 진화론

생물학적 진화론은 유전적인 특성 혹은 대립유전자에 의해 오랜기간동안 빈번히 변화되어 진다. 생물학적 진화론은 아마도 최소한적, 혹은 실질적이다; 이것은 모든것의 대립유전자의 작은 비율의 변화까지도 끼워 맞추는데 창조되어진 종들의 다양성 부터 하나뿐인 종들까지 포함되어 진다.

생물학적 진화론은 진화 이론과 헷깔려서는 안된다. 생물학적 진화론은 과학적 사실을 볼 수있다. 왜냐하면 오랜기간동안의 구성의 변화는 오랜기간동안 명백한 사실로서 관찰 되어져 왔다. Even the ancient Spartans enforced a policy of eugenics in an effort to promote desirable characteristics in their gene pool. The theory of evolution, however, makes a number of unfalsifiable or false claims of the theory of evolution, to include abiogenesis, common descent, and the like, which cannot be observed as biological evolution can be observed, and which are highly speculative in nature.

또한, 생물학적 변화는 변태혹은 태생학적 발전 Also, biological changes in an 개개의 생물체 such as 변태 or are not considered biological evolution, because biological evolution transcends the lifetime of a single individual. The changes in populations that are considered evolutionary are those that are inherited through genetic information from one generation to the next. Biological evolution can be summarized as a change in 대립 유전자 frequency in a population over time.

진화론의 이론

종족계열의 나무
종족계열의 나무
Main Article: 진화론

The General theory of evolution encompasses the historical claims that life originated via abiogenesis, diversified via variation and natural selection, and that is related via common ancestry. The idea is ancient in origin, being held by Greek philosophers such as Anaxagorus, but was recently revived in Europe and America during the secularization of the 19th century.

Evolutionistism comes in many forms, but most predominately atheistic, pantheistic and theistic evolutionist. Atheistic evolutionists believe that evolution occurs solely through natural means. Theistic evolutionists believe that God guides the process of evolution. Pantheistic evolutionists believe that evolution is part of how the spirit of the cosmos develops over time.

두가지 다른 진화론 의미의 융합

Some evolutionists have been known to commit a logical fallacy by conflating biological evolution and the general theory of evolution. The argument goes like this: "There is a great deal of evidence for biological evolution. Therefore the general theory of evolution is true." This argument is fallacious, because while biological evolution makes no claim as to the origin of life and allows for the possibility that it was originally created, the general theory of evolution claims that life originated by chance through abiogenesis, a speculation for which there is neither evidence nor comprehensive explanation. Further, while biological evolution says only that life changes over time, but allows that some biological diversity may be the result of creation, the general theory of evolution holds that this change occurs without limits, and that all biological diversity is due to evolution, another speculation for which there is neither evidence nor comprehensive explanation.

The problem is one of degree. Darwin observed changes in the shape and size of the beaks of finches. From this observable and very minor example of biological evolution, he created a general theory of evolution, that all species diversity is a result of biological evolution. As he stated in The Origin of Species:

In North America the black bear was seen by Hearne swimming for hours with widely open mouth, thus catching, like a whale, insects in the water. Even in so extreme a case as this, if the supply of insects were constant, and if better adapted competitors did not already exist in the country, I can see no difficulty in a race of bears being rendered, by natural selection, more and more aquatic in their structure and habits, with larger and larger mouths, till a creature was produced as monstrous as a whale. (On the Origin of Species (1859), original edition, p. 184)

Darwin omitted this story in other editions of Origin (because it was received as preposterous), but regretted his revision:

I still maintain that there is no special difficulty in a bear's mouth being enlarged to any degree useful to its changing habits. ("More Letters of Charles Darwin," 1903, page 162)

By conflating biological evolution with the general theory of evolution, these evolutionists make arguments that sound meaningful, but are actually meaningless. They note changes in the size of finch beaks, and infer (without evidence) that bears can evolve into whales. They note superficial changes in structure change by natural selection, and infer that the structure itself evolved by the same mechanism. Or, more generally, they prove biological evolution (an idea nobody disputes), fail to provide evidence for the general theory of evolution, and then claim that their evidence for biological evolution supports the general theory.

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See Also

원본 주소 ‘http://creationwiki.org/ko/index.php/%EC%A7%84%ED%99%94’
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