Black mold
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[[Image:MOLD_MOLD_MOLD_1.gif|thumb|300px|left|Tape impression of fungal contamination seen on water damaged wallboard. This fungal growth was seen in the building described in Figures 2 and 3. This slide was stained with Lactophenol Cotton Blue. The conidia and mycelia are characteristic of Stachybotrys chartarum.]] | [[Image:MOLD_MOLD_MOLD_1.gif|thumb|300px|left|Tape impression of fungal contamination seen on water damaged wallboard. This fungal growth was seen in the building described in Figures 2 and 3. This slide was stained with Lactophenol Cotton Blue. The conidia and mycelia are characteristic of Stachybotrys chartarum.]] | ||
| - | Black mold (Stachybotrys Chartarum) is a greenish black [[mold]] substance. It is [[toxic]] and can lead to [[fatality]] if not deal with properly. Balck mold appears as to look like dirt, like ashes. The spores of the mold are usually brown. When a group of spores starts to form into a colony, the mold's surface becomes soot-like and dusty. It is mostly moist and slimy when touched. At first glance this fungus can seem to have threads of white and grey lines. It all depends on the amount of moisture in the atmosphere. Depending on the mold's border, the texture of the fungi could be rough and uneven or squishy and flat. The vegetative part of this fungus is usually a dark black color, mixed with grey and a dark shade of green. | + | Black mold (Stachybotrys Chartarum) is a greenish black [[mold]] substance. It is [[toxic]] and can lead to [[fatality]] if not deal with properly. Balck mold appears as to look like dirt, like ashes. The spores of the mold are usually brown. When a group of spores starts to form into a colony, the mold's surface becomes soot-like and dusty. It is mostly moist and slimy when touched. At first glance this fungus can seem to have threads of white and grey lines. It all depends on the amount of moisture in the atmosphere. Depending on the mold's border, the texture of the fungi could be rough and uneven or squishy and flat. The vegetative part of this fungus is usually a dark black color, mixed with grey and a dark shade of green[http://mold-help.org/content/view/429/0/]. |
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* [http://fungifinder.com/toxicmold.htm Toxic Mold: It's no joke] By: Fungi Finder | * [http://fungifinder.com/toxicmold.htm Toxic Mold: It's no joke] By: Fungi Finder | ||
* [http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=157631 Multigene Phylogeny Reveals New Lineage for Stachybotrys Chartarum, the Indoor Air Fungus]By: Lisa Castlebury, David- Dave Farr, Amy Rossman | * [http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=157631 Multigene Phylogeny Reveals New Lineage for Stachybotrys Chartarum, the Indoor Air Fungus]By: Lisa Castlebury, David- Dave Farr, Amy Rossman | ||
| - | + | * [http://mold-help.org/content/view/429/0/ Stachybotrys Chartarum]By: Susan Lillard | |
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Fungus]] | * [[Fungus]] | ||
Revision as of 05:27, 6 March 2009
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Introduction
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Anatomy
Black mold (Stachybotrys Chartarum) is a greenish black mold substance. It is toxic and can lead to fatality if not deal with properly. Balck mold appears as to look like dirt, like ashes. The spores of the mold are usually brown. When a group of spores starts to form into a colony, the mold's surface becomes soot-like and dusty. It is mostly moist and slimy when touched. At first glance this fungus can seem to have threads of white and grey lines. It all depends on the amount of moisture in the atmosphere. Depending on the mold's border, the texture of the fungi could be rough and uneven or squishy and flat. The vegetative part of this fungus is usually a dark black color, mixed with grey and a dark shade of green[1].
Reproduction
Black mold (Stachybotrys chartarum)reproduces asexually[2]. A asexual reproduction is, “Relating to, produced by, or involving reproduction that occurs without the union of male and female gametes, as in binary fission or budding.”[3] This mold can be deadly if not dealt with in the proper ways. Stachybotrys chartarum is a fungus that reproduces asexually. It is a house infesting mold which can be very hazardous to human life. The phylogenic, higher level relationships of Stachybotrys chartarum have not been stated. Along with the higher level status the sexual state of S. chartarum, which is a subspecies of Stachybotrys chartarum, has yet to be determined[4].
Ecology
Black mold can be found indoors and out. When inside black mold spores can sprout in any location given the right atmosphere. Indoors this mold grows in dry and wet locations. It is commonly found on items that are high in cellulose. Products that are high in cellulose can be: chips of wood, wood of all kinds, straw, hay, paper products, insulation, cardboard, dust, wallpaper, dry wall, and particleboard. Black mold can only begin to appear when in a humid and damp enviroment. It can take from days up to weeks for this mold to sprout and become visible to the human eye. If there is humidity in a enclosed indoor area it will result in condensation which ultimately leads to water vaporization. Mixing water vapor and indoor household items will cause mold spores to sprout. Molding can appear in various places when indoors. These places include: roofing, underneath sinks, in bathrooms, around showers and bathtubs, dry wall, in kitchens, bedrooms, garages, attics, and many more nooks and crannies.[5]
The Effects of Black Mold on Humans
Health Effects
Stachybotrys chartarum (black mold) was first found as a health risk to humans and animals in Russia. Also it was observed that the animals that inhabited farms in Eastern Europe were affected by the mold from eating moldy hay in the 1930’s and early 1940’s. The problem was first discovered when examining horses. The horses had consummed large amounts of highly contaminated Stachybotrys chartarum (black mold) straw and hay. The horses suffered from internal bleeding and infections. The first humans who were affected from black mold were workers in a agricultural field. They worked with hay and straw that turned out to also be contaminated with Stachybotrys chartarum (black mold). The workers suffered from the follwing symptoms: nose bleeds, fatigue and skin irritation (rashes and itching)coughing, burning sensations in the mouth or nose, runny nose, and headaches.
There have been other many other reports of black molds' effects. The poisonous toxins made by black mold are touched or handled by humans and possibly animals, it can be fatal. This mold can damage a immune system if not demolish it completely. It will also affect the bone marrow and lymphoid tissue in a human body. Humans have showed signs of being effected by this fungus from these symptoms: memory loss, diarrhea, headache, dermatitis, cold and flu symptoms, cancer, sore throats, intermittent local hair loss, fatigue, muscle aches, and certain types of malaise.
Gallery
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References
- MOLECULAR AND MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS OF PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGIBy: Lisa Castlebury, Amy Rossman, Aimee Sheer Hyten, G. Sung - OREGON STATE U,CORVALLIS, J. Spatafora - OREGON STATE U,CORVALLIS
- Stachybotrys By: Answers.com
- Toxic Mold: It's no joke By: Fungi Finder
- Multigene Phylogeny Reveals New Lineage for Stachybotrys Chartarum, the Indoor Air FungusBy: Lisa Castlebury, David- Dave Farr, Amy Rossman
- Stachybotrys ChartarumBy: Susan Lillard
See Also
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