Portal:Philosophy

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The Philosophy Portal


Philosophy involves the use of reason, logic, and argument in the search for truth and knowledge of reality. It is a systematic inquiry of the fundamental questions concerning the nature of reality (metaphysics), the justification of belief (epistemology), and the conduct of life (ethics), among other things. It principally focuses on causes and nature of things and of the principles governing existence, the material universe, perception of physical phenomena, and human behavior.


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The word fundamentalism dates from around 1920 in the United States, but fundamentalist beliefs within Christianity clearly date back to Christ and the New Testament writers in the first century AD.

The word fundamentalism originally referred to fundamental beliefs that existed solely within Christianity. Powerful church revivals up to the 19th century had seen countless numbers commit their lives to Christ. But by 1900, conservative church leaders started seeing erosion of church influence because of liberal German biblical criticism and the increasing acceptance of Darwin’s theory of evolution.

In response to these attacks, many evangelical Christian leaders and churchmen who believed in the inerrancy of the Bible came together and formed the American Bible League in 1902. Between 1910 and 1915 these evangelicals published a series of 12 pamphlets called The Fundamentals: A testimony to the truth. The pamphlets responded to, and counterattacked, the biblical critics, and reaffirmed the authority of the Bible. They were distributed to clergy and seminary students at no cost.


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Frescoe by Raphael (1509) showing Plato and Aristotle. Plato is pointing toward the heavens and Aristotle toward the Earth.
Frescoe by Raphael (1509) showing Plato and Aristotle. Plato is pointing toward the heavens and Aristotle toward the Earth.


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AtheismConservatismCreationismEvolutionismLogical fallacyPhilosopherReligionTheology


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A Agnosticism, Antirazor, Atheism, C Conflation, Contradiction, D Decline of atheism, Deism, Dualism, E Epistemology, F Faith, Falsifiability, G God of the gaps, L Life, Logic, Logical fallacy, M Manufacturing facts from a theory, Materialism, Metaphysics, N Naturalism, O Occam's razor, Ontology, P Paradigmatic Schematic, Philosophy, Philosophy of science, R Religious empiricism, S Scientific method, Spirit, Supernaturalism, T Tautology, Teleology, Theism, Theistic realism, Theology, W Worldview, Y Your theory does not work under my theory, so your theory must be wrong


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Plato wrote the following question and answer sometime around 350 BC: "Is the world created or uncreated? -- that is the first question. Created, I reply, being visible and tangible and having a body, and therefore sensible; and if sensible, then created; and if created, made by a cause, and the cause is the ineffable father of all things, who had before him an eternal archetype."Plato, Timaeus.[1]



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