Ethanol

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Ethanol
General
Systematic name	Ethanol
Other names	Ethyl alcohol Grain alcohol Hydroxyethane Moonshine EtOH
Molecular formula	C2H5OH
SMILES	CCO
Molar mass	46.06844 g/mol46.068 amu
Appearance	colorless clear liquid
CAS number	[64-17-5]
Properties
Density and phase	0.789 g/cm3, liquid
Solubility in water	Fully miscible
Melting point	−114.3 °C387.45 K 237.74 °F 697.41 °R (158.8 K)
Boiling point	78.4 °C351.55 K 173.12 °F 632.79 °R (351.6 K)
Acidity (pKa)	15.9 (H+ from OH group
Basicity (pKb)
Viscosity	1.200 mPa·s cP at 20.0 °C
Structure
Dipole moment	5.64 fC·fm (1.69 D) (gas)
Hazards
MSDS	MSDS Data
NFPA 704	3 0 0
Flash point	286.15 K (13 °C or 55.4 °F)
RTECS number	KQ6300000
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related alcohols	Methanol, 1-Propanol
Other heteroatoms	Ethylamine, Ethyl chloride, Ethyl bromide, Ethanethiol
Substituted ethanols	Ethylene glycol, Ethanolamine, 2-Chloroethanol
Other compounds	Acetaldehyde, Acetic acid
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Disclaimer and references

Ethanol (also known as Alcohol, Ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, and hydroxyethane) is very commonly used chemical compound. Ethanol is a colorless, flammable, and slightly toxic. Because of its special properties, Ethanol is used in a lot of things: fuel, alcoholic beverages, solvent of paint. The formula of Ethanol are EtOH, CH₃CH₂OH, and C₂H₅OH. [1]

Contents 1 Properties 2 Occurrences 3 Uses 4 Other 5 References 6 See Also

Properties

Ethanol is volatile, flammable, colorless, and has a peculiar smell. Most Ethanol in the industry is mixture of 95% Ethanol and 5% water. That is called "Alcohol." Pure Ethanol is also available to make, but it is only used in a special requirement. [2] Because Ethanol is a versatile solvent, it can be mixed most of organic liquids and water. Even the low molecular weight solids can be dissolved. The boiling point of Ethanol is 78.3C, which is a lot lower than the boiling point of water. Because of this reason, it feels cool when people pour or touch it on their skin.[3]

Occurrences

Ethanol was made in ancient times by the fermentation of sugars. Most of alcoholic beverages are made by this process. It is a very complex process. Many other plants can be used, such as potatoes, corn, wheat, and other plants. This is because this process requires starches from plants. [4]

Uses

Because of Ethanol's special properties, it has been used in many different things. The most common use of ethanol is for alcohol beverages. Alcohol is another name for Ethanol, so every alcoholic beverage contains Ethanol in it. Most beverages are made by the action of yeast on sugary food stuffs. For example, cereal grains and other starchy materials are the examples of the food stuffs. They are used to make beers.

Ethanol is also used as a solvent for paint, varnish and drugs; a preservative for biological specimens; in the preparation of essences and flavorings; in many medicines and drugs; as a disinfectant and in tinctures (e.g., tincture of iodine); and as a fuel and gasoline additive. Ethanol Another large use of ethanol is as fuel. Most fuel includes some percent of ethanol in it. [5]

Other

A common misconception is that ethanol & methanol are the same compound. Ethanol and Methanol have the same color and smell, but they are very actually different. Because of the similarities between them, some accidents may happen. If a person drinks methanol, it is converted to highly toxic metabolites. It makes occurring acidosis, blindness, and potentially death. The chemical formula of methanol is CH₃OH and the chemical equation of Ethanol is C₂H₅OH. [6]

References

• Ethanol Wikipedia.org
• Ethanol eere.energy.gov
• Ethanol fuel Wikipedia.org

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See Also