Medan

Medan or Madan ("Name means::contention") was the third son of Son of::Abraham and Son of::Keturah according to.

Persians
Historically, the Medanites dwelt alongside the Mitanni and they formed a kingdom in the 10th and 9th centuries BC. It is for this reason that historians call the Mitanni the "early Medes". The empire of the Medanites or Medes is often referred to in textbooks as the Amadai-Mada-Medes empire (Madai, Midian, and Medan were closely associated with each other). The Amadai were descendants of Madai who were subject to the Medes, the ruling class of the Empire. The tribes of the Median Empire were: the Busae, Paretaceni, Struchates, Arizanti, Budii, and Magi. Some were descended from Medan, others from Madai.

Regarding the physical type of the Medes, all historians mention that the earliest tribes of the Medians "belonged to the Aryan stock" and as such were an Indo-European people and that they formed a ruling class over the descendants of Madai. This Mede ruling class called themselves Arioi or Arii, meaning Aryan.

The Medes were more numerous and powerful than the Persians who seem to have been a Median tribe who broke away. The Persians were first in the central-west areas of Persia then later in the south-west. From what can be gathered by historians, these Aryan Persians originated in a far away land called Airyanem-Vaejo and came into the Iranian plateau from southern Russia. They were basically pastoral and possessed watch-dogs, sheep, oxen, and horses. They traveled in wagons which had axles and wheels. In general, researchers trace the Indo-Aryans to the Austro-Hungarian plains or to southwest Russia. That is, indeed, where many of them migrated from, but their homeland prior to that would have been in the Middle East. Professor Sayce, writing in his famous Races of the Old Testament, states that the original Persians belonged to the fair-skinned, Mediterranean division of the White Race:

"The physical type of the country-men of Darius and Xerxes, like that of their modern descendants, was Aryan in all of its traits. Travelers still speak of the fair-complexioned, blue-eyed populations met with in the Persian highlands … The Persians were at the outset a Median tribe."

They called themselves Airya. Darius the Great on his tomb calls himself "an Aryan, having Aryan lineage". Xerxes called himself “harri”, meaning “noble” or Aryan. Today, Persia is known as Iran, a derivative of "Aryan."

Brahmins
In India, the Persians were known as Parsees, from whom descend, in part, the Brahmins who were also the highest caste in India. They are traditionally priests, educators, scholars and preachers in Hinduism. Brahma (Sanskrit: ब्रह्मा; Brahmā) is the Hindu god (deva) of creation whose consort is Saraswati (Sanskrit: सरस्वती; Sarasvatī), leading many to the conclusion that Brahma and Saraswati are actually Abraham and Sarah deified. Therefore, it has been suggested that "Brahmin" may have the meaning of "son of Abraham."

The Brahmins, although now substantially mixed, are fairer than the average Indian, tall, slim, and some with red hair – even somewhat Nordic in appearance. They ruled India for centuries despite invading armies, religions, and dynasties. They collected their laws and customs in the Code of Manu, setting the law into three branches; domestic and civil rights and duties; administration and justice; and religious purifications and penance. They kept the castes apart, forbidding intermarriage. They did not adhere strictly to this policy and no pure Brahmin may be found today.

Descended, in part, from Abraham through Medan, they, via their amazing work, spread the Code of Manu or Manusmṛti (Sanskrit: मनुस्मृति) and became the civilizers of ancient India. A caste in India was known as the Khatri and we also find the Katirs of India who migrated to Kotur in Persia. There are also the Kataria, Kathori, and Katrasgarh of India.

The caste system in India seems to have a racial origin according to some scholars and was originally defined by color: Brahmins were said to be white, Kshatriyas red, Vaishyas yellow, and Shudras black. However, others point out that these colors refer more to qualities of each class rather than race. This may be the case now, but race classification by the Aryan invaders seems to have been the order of the day. In an article from the Arizona Republic which details recent research on this issue:

"The [Aryan] invaders apparently … set up the rigid caste system that exists today. Their [mixed] descendants are still the elite within Hindu society. Thus today’s genetic patterns, the researchers explained, vividly reflect a historic event, or events, that occurred 3,000 or 4,000 years ago. The gene patterns “are consistent with a historical scenario in which invading Caucasoids … established the caste system and occupied the highest positions.

The ancient story holds that invaders known as Indo-Europeans, or true Aryans, came from Eastern Europe or western Asia and conquered the Indian subcontinent. The people they subdued descended from the original inhabitants who had arrived far earlier from Africa and from other parts of Asia. But, he [Jorde of the University of Utah], added when we look at the Y chromosome DNA, we see a very different pattern. The lower castes are most similar to Asians, and the [mixed] upper castes are more European than Asian."

Others in the vicinity are the fairer-skinned Kalash peoples residing in north-west Pakistan. According to one theory they were part of the migration of the Indo-Aryans during pre-Vedic times which would date them to about 1400 BC. Another theory claims that they are descendants of Alexander the Great’s army, given that some of their features appear to be Syrian-Greek and their language seems to be a later form of Sanskrit.